What is a Sworn Translation?

"Sworn" and "certified" translations are often confused. Both involve a translator attesting to the accuracy of their work, but they are not identical.

Sworn translation

A sworn translation is performed by a translator who has been officially recognised by a court or government body in a particular country. The translator has typically passed an examination and is registered on a public list. Their stamp and signature give the translation legal validity in that jurisdiction without further formalities.

Required by: most civil-law countries (Spain, France, Italy, Germany, Brazil, Argentina, etc.).

Certified translation

A certified translation is one accompanied by a signed declaration from the translator (or translation company) attesting to the accuracy of the work. There is no requirement for the translator to be on a government register.

Required by: most common-law countries (US, UK, Canada, Australia).

When you need each

Always check the requirement of the destination authority. The same document may need a sworn translation for use in Spain and a certified translation for use in the UK.